Fruits
Fruit type
Classification based primarily on origin, texture, and dehiscence (splitting open at maturity); types grouped as simple, aggregate, multiple, accessory.
achene | A one-seeded, dry, indehiscent (does not split at maturity) fruit with seed attached to fruit wall at one point only, derived from a one-loculed superior ovary. |  |
achenecetum | An aggregation of achenes, as in Ranunculus. |  |
acrocidal capsule | One that dehisces (splits at maturity) through terminal slits, or fissures, as in Staphylea. |  |
anomalicidal or rupturing capsule | One that dehisces (splits at maturity) irregularly, as in Ammannia. |  |
appearing like drupes, 2 blue seeds on paired stalks | ||
baccacetum or etaerio | An aggregation of berries, as in Actaea. |  |
basicidal capsule | One that dehisces (splits at maturity) through basal slits or fissures, as in some species of Aristolochia. |  |
berry | Fleshy fruit, with succulent pericarp, as in Vitis. |  |
bur | Cypsela enclosed in dry involucre, as in Xanthium. (accessory structure Involucre) |  |
calybium | A hard one-loculed dry fruit derived from an inferior ovary, as in Quercus. |  |
circumscissile capsule | One that dehisces (splits at maturity) circumferentially, as in Plantago. |  |
cypsela | An achene derived from a one-loculed, inferior ovary. |  |
denticidal capsule | One that dehisces (splits open at maturity) apically, leaving a ring of teeth, as in Cerastium. |  |
diclesium | Achene or nut surrounded by a persistent calyx, as in Mirabalis (accessory structure Calyx) |  |
diplotegium | A pyxis derived from an inferior ovary. |  |
drupe | A fleshy fruit with a stony endocarp, as in Prunus. |  |
drupecetum | An aggregation of drupelets, as in Rubus. |  |
druplet | A small drupe, as in Rubus. |  |
follicetum | An aggregation of follicles, as in Caltha. |  |
follicle | A dry, dehiscent (splits open at maturity) fruit derived from one carpel that splits along one suture. |  |
glans | Nut subtended by a cupulate, dry involucre, as in Quercus. (accessory structure Involucre) |  |
grain (caryopsis) | A one-seeded dry, indehiscent (does not split at maturity) fruit with the seed coat adnate to the fruit wall, derived from a one-loculed superior ovary. |  |
hesperidium | A thick-skinned septate berry with the bulk of the fruit derived from glandular hairs, as in Citrus. |  |
hip | An aggregation of achenes surrounded by an urceolate receptacle and hypanthium, as in Rosa. (accessory structures Receptacle and Hypanthium) |  |
legume | A usually dry, dehiscent (splitting open at maturity) fruit derived from one carpel that splits along two sutures. |  |
loculicidal capsule | One that dehisces (splits at maturity) longitudinally into the cavity of the locule, as in Epilobium. |  |
loment | A legume that separates transversely between seed sections. |  |
nut | A one-seeded, dry, indehiscent (does not split at maturity) fruit with a hard pericarp, usually derived from a one-loculed ovary. |  |
nutlet | A small nut. |  |
operculate capsule | Fruit that dehisces (splits open at maturity) through pores, each of which is covered by a flap, cap, or lid, as in Papaver. |  |
pepo | A berry with a leathery nonseptate rind derived from an inferior ovary, as in Cucurbita. |  |
pome | A berry-like fruit, adnate to a fleshy receptacle, with cartilaginous endocarp, as in Malus. (accessory structures Receptacle and Hypanthium) |  |
poricidal capsule | One that dehisces (splits at maturity) through pores, as in Triodanis. |  |
pseudocarp | An aggregation of achenes embedded in a fleshy receptacle, as in Fragaria. (accessory structure Receptacle) |  |
pseudodrupe | Two-four loculed nut surrounded by a fleshy involucre, as in Juglans. (accessory structure Involucre) |  |
pyrene | Fleshy fruit with each seed surrounded by a bony endocarp, as in Ilex. |  |
samara | A winged, dry fruit. |  |
samaracetum | An aggregation of samaras, as in Liriodendron. |  |
schizocarpic berries | Separating berries which have a fleshy pericarp, as in Phytolacca. |  |
schizocarpic follicles | Separating follicles which are dry, dehiscent (splits at maturity) fruits derived from one carpel, splitting along one suture, as in Apocynaceae. |  |
schizocarpic mericarps, cremocarp, or carpopodium | Separating mericarps which are dry, seed-like fruits derived from an inferior ovary, as in the Apiaceae. |  |
schizocarpic nutlets, cenobium | Separating nutlets which are dry,indehiscent (do not split at maturity) 4-parted fruits with a hard pericarp around a gynobasic style, as in the Boraginaceae and Lamiaceae. |  |
schizocarpic samaras | Separating samaras which are winged, dry fruits, as in Acer. |  |
septicidal capsule | One that dehisces (splits at maturity) longitudinally through the septa, as in Penstemon. |  |
silicle | A dry, dehiscent (splits at maturity) fruit derived from two or more carpels that dehisce along two sutures and which has a persistent partition after dehiscence and is as broad as, or broader, than long. |  |
silique | A silicle type fruit that is longer than broad. |  |
syconium | A syncarp (multiple fruit) with the achenes borne on the inside of a hollowed-out, compound, fleshy receptacle or peduncle, as in Ficus. |  |
tryma | Two-four loculed nut surrounded by a dehiscent (splitting at maturity) involucre at maturity, as in most species of Carya. (accessory structure Involucre) |  |
utricle | A small, bladdery or inflated. one-seeded. dry fruit. |  |
valvular or septifragal capsule | One with valves breaking away from the septa, as in Ipomoea. |  |
winged nut | Nut enclosed in a winglike bract, as in Carpinus. (accessory structure Bract) |  |